Workplace Safety and Health Act: Compliance requirements

Introduction

Workplace safety is a critical aspect of any organization, ensuring that employees work in a secure environment free from unnecessary risks. In Singapore, the Workplace Safety and Health Act (WSHA) governs workplace safety and imposes strict compliance requirements on employers, employees and other stakeholders. This article explores the key compliance requirements of the WSHA and how organizations can adhere to them to maintain a safe and productive work environment.

Overview of the Workplace Safety and Health Act (WSHA)

The Workplace Safety and Health Act (WSHA) was enacted to create a robust framework for workplace safety and health in Singapore. The law shifts the focus from a prescriptive approach to a risk management approach, focusing on active measures to prevent workplace accidents and illnesses.

Key objectives of the WSHA include:

1. Enhancing Workplace Safety Culture – Encouraging proactive risk assessment and prevention measures.
2. Accountability for Workplace Safety – Holding employers and stakeholders responsible for safety standards.
3. Legal Obligations for Risk Management – Implementing risk assessment and mitigation procedures.
4. Key Compliance Requirements Under WSHA

1. Duties of Employers

Under the WSHA, employers are responsible for ensuring the safety and health of their workers. Key obligations include:

• Providing and maintaining a safe working environment.
• Conducting risk assessments and implementing necessary control measures.
• Providing adequate training, information, and supervision to employees.
• Developing emergency response plans and ensuring their effectiveness.

2. Risk Management Regulations

The Workplace Safety and Health (Risk Management) Regulations mandate that all workplaces implement a systematic risk management process. This includes:

• Conduct risk assessment in the workplace.
• Maintain records of risk assessment.
• Implementing risk control measures to mitigate or eliminate risks.
• Regularly reviewing and updating risk assessments.

3. Workplace Safety and Health Committees

For workplaces with 50 or more employees, it is mandatory to establish a Workplace Safety and Health Committee. The committee is responsible for:

• Conducting safety inspections and audits.
• Investigating workplace incidents.
• Developing and reviewing workplace safety policies.
• Promoting a strong safety culture within the organization.

4. Incident Reporting and Investigation

Organizations must report workplace incidents to the Ministry of Manpower (MOM) as per the Workplace Safety and Health (Incident Reporting) Regulations. Reportable incidents include:

• Work-related fatalities.
• Major injuries requiring hospital admission.
• Dangerous occurrences (e.g., explosions, collapses, or fires).

Employers must conduct thorough investigations and implement corrective actions to prevent recurrence.

5. Engagement of Workplace Safety and Health Officers

Certain industries, such as construction, shipbuilding and petroleum processing, must appoint Workplace Safety and Health Officers (WSHOs) to oversee compliance. WSHOs are responsible for:

• Assisting management in identifying risks associated to a workplace.
• Recommending safety measures to eliminate such risks.
• Conducting inspections and examinations.

6. Provision of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Employers must provide workers with appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) to minimize exposure to hazards. PPE requirements vary based on the industry but commonly include:

• Helmets
• Gloves
• Safety glasses
• Respiratory protection

Proper training must be provided to employees on the correct use and maintenance of PPE.

7. Workplace Safety Training Requirements

The WSHA mandates that employees, particularly those in high-risk industries, undergo workplace safety training. The training should cover:

• Hazard identification and risk control.
• Safe work procedures.
• Emergency response measures.
• Legal responsibilities under WSHA.

Approved training providers offer WSHA-compliant training courses, and certificates may be required for specific job roles.

8. Health and Medical Surveillance

Employers in industries involving hazardous substances must conduct regular medical check-ups and health surveillance for employees. This ensures early detection of occupational diseases such as:

• Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL)
• Asbestosis
• Chemical poisoning

Failure to provide health surveillance can lead to penalties and non-compliance consequences.

Enforcement and Penalties for Non-Compliance

The Ministry of Manpower (MOM) enforces the WSHA through inspections and audits. Penalties for non-compliance include:

• Fines up to SGD 1 million for serious breaches.
• Stop-work orders for workplaces with high-risk violations.
• Imprisonment for individuals found guilty of serious safety negligence.

To avoid penalties, organizations must prioritize compliance and foster a strong safety culture.

Steps to Ensure WSHA Compliance

To comply with WSHA regulations, organizations should:

1. Conduct Regular Risk Assessments – Identify and mitigate workplace hazards.
2. Train Employees on Safety Practices – Implement structured safety training programs.
3. Establish a Workplace Safety Committee – Promote safety awareness and accountability.
4. Monitor and Report Incidents – Keep records and report incidents to MOM promptly.
5. Review Policies Regularly – Update workplace safety procedures to align with legal requirements.

Conclusion

The Workplace Safety and Health Act (WSHA) in Singapore sets a comprehensive legal framework to safeguard employees and promote workplace safety. Compliance with WSHA is not only a legal obligation but also a fundamental step toward fostering a safe and productive work environment. Organizations must proactively implement risk management practices, train employees and adhere to regulations to avoid legal penalties and ensure the well-being of their workforce. By prioritizing workplace safety, businesses can create a positive safety culture, reduce workplace accidents, and enhance overall productivity in Singapore’s dynamic work environment.

Written by: Snigdha Sanganeria

Co-authored by: Swapna Umakanth

Disclaimer

The information provided on this blog is for general informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional legal advice. We are not a law firm and are not authorized to practice law in your jurisdiction. Laws and regulations are complex and constantly changing, and information that may be true in one jurisdiction may not apply in another. Before acting on any information you read here, you should consult with a qualified lawyer practicing in the relevant jurisdiction for your specific legal issues or concerns. While we strive to provide accurate and up-to-date information, we make no guarantees that the information on this blog is completely current or error-free. We disclaim any liability for any actions taken or not taken based on the information on this blog.